Timeline of Solar System exploration
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This is a timeline of Solar System exploration ordering events in the exploration of the Solar System by date of spacecraft launch. It includes:
β’ All spacecraft that have left Earth orbit for the purposes of Solar System exploration (or were launched with that intention but failed), including lunar probes.
β’ A small number of pioneering or notable Earth-orbiting craft.
It does not include:
β’ Centuries of terrestrial telescopic observation.
β’ The great majority of Earth-orbiting satellites.
β’ Space probes leaving Earth orbit that are not concerned with Solar System exploration (such as space telescopes targeted at distant galaxies, cosmic background radiation observatories, and so on).
β’ Probes that failed at launch.
The dates listed are launch dates, but the achievements noted may have occurred some time laterβin some cases, a considerable time later (for example, Voyager 2, launched 20 August 1977, did not reach Neptune until 1989).
Contents
β’ 1950s
β’ 1960s
β’ 1970s
β’ 1980s
β’ 1990s
β’ 2000s
β’ 2010s
β’ 2020s
β’ See also
β’ References
β’ External links
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1950s
| Mission name | Launch date | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Sputnik 1 | 4 October 1957 | First Earth orbiter |
| Sputnik 2 | 3 November 1957 | Earth orbiter, first animal in orbit ,β¦ |
| Explorer 1 | 1 February 1958 | Earth orbiter; discovered Van Allen rad⦠|
| Vanguard 1 | 17 March 1958 | Earth orbiter; oldest spacecraft still⦠|
| Luna 1 | 2 January 1959 | First lunar flyby (attempted lunar impa⦠|
| Pioneer 4 | 3 March 1959 | Lunar flyby |
| Luna 2 | 12 September 1959 | First extraterrestrial impact and lunar⦠|
| Luna 3 | 4 October 1959 | Lunar flyby; First images of another ce⦠|
1960s
| Mission name | Launch date | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Pioneer 5 | 11 March 1960 | Interplanetary space investigations |
| Venera 1 | 12 February 1961 | First probe to another planet ; Venus f⦠|
| Vostok 1 | 12 April 1961 | First crewed Earth orbiter ( Yuri Gagar⦠|
| Ranger 1 | 23 August 1961 | Attempted lunar test flight (failed to⦠|
| Ranger 2 | 18 November 1961 | Attempted lunar test flight (failed to⦠|
| Ranger 3 | 26 January 1962 | Attempted lunar impact (missed Moon) |
| Ranger 4 | 23 April 1962 | Lunar impact (but unintentionally becam⦠|
| Mariner 2 | 27 August 1962 | First successful planetary encounter ,β¦ |
| Ranger 5 | 18 October 1962 | Attempted lunar impact (missed Moon) |
| Mars 1 | 1 November 1962 | First probe to Mars : flyby (contact lo⦠|
| Luna 4 | 2 April 1963 | Attempted lunar lander (missed Moon) |
| Cosmos 21 | 11 November 1963 | Attempted Venera test flight? |
| Ranger 6 | 30 January 1964 | Lunar impact (cameras failed) |
| Zond 1 | 2 April 1964 | Venus flyby (contact lost) |
| Ranger 7 | 28 July 1964 | Lunar impact (success) |
| Voskhod 1 | 12 October 1964 | First orbiter with multimember crew |
| Mariner 3 | 5 November 1964 | Attempted Mars flyby (failed to attain⦠|
| Mariner 4 | 28 November 1964 | First successful Mars flyby (taking the⦠|
| Zond 2 | 30 November 1964 | Mars flyby (contact lost) |
| Ranger 8 | 17 February 1965 | Lunar impact |
| Voskhod 2 | 18 March 1965 | First space walk , by Alexei Leonov |
| Ranger 9 | 21 March 1965 | Lunar impact |
| Lincoln Calibration Sphere 1 | 6 May 1965 | Oldest spacecraft still in use |
| Luna 5 | 9 May 1965 | Lunar impact (attempted soft landing) |
| Luna 6 | 8 June 1965 | Attempted lunar lander (missed Moon) |
| Zond 3 | 18 July 1965 | Lunar flyby |
| Luna 7 | 4 October 1965 | Lunar impact (attempted soft landing) |
| Venera 2 | 12 November 1965 | Venus flyby (contact lost) |
| Venera 3 | 16 November 1965 | Venus lander (contact lost) β First spaβ¦ |
| Luna 8 | 3 December 1965 | Lunar impact (attempted soft landing?) |
| Pioneer 6 | 16 December 1965 | " Space weather " observations |
| Luna 9 | 31 January 1966 | First extraterrestrial lander and lunar⦠|
| Luna 10 | 31 March 1966 | First extraterrestrial orbiter (except⦠|
| Surveyor 1 | 30 May 1966 | Lunar lander |
| Explorer 33 | 1 July 1966 | Attempted lunar orbiter (failed to atta⦠|
| Lunar Orbiter 1 | 10 August 1966 | Lunar orbiter |
| Pioneer 7 | 17 August 1966 | "Space weather" observations |
| Luna 11 | 24 August 1966 | Lunar orbiter |
| Surveyor 2 | 20 September 1966 | Attempted lunar lander (crashed into Mo⦠|
| Luna 12 | 22 October 1966 | Lunar orbiter |
| Lunar Orbiter 2 | 6 November 1966 | Lunar orbiter |
| Luna 13 | 21 December 1966 | Lunar lander |
| Lunar Orbiter 3 | 5 February 1967 | Lunar orbiter |
| Surveyor 3 | 17 April 1967 | Lunar lander |
| Lunar Orbiter 4 | 4 May 1967 | Lunar orbiter |
| Venera 4 | 12 June 1967 | First functioning extraterrestrial atmo⦠|
| Mariner 5 | 14 June 1967 | Venus flyby |
| Surveyor 4 | 14 July 1967 | Attempted lunar lander (crashed into Mo⦠|
| Explorer 35 (IMP-E) | 19 July 1967 | Lunar orbiter |
| Lunar Orbiter 5 | 1 August 1967 | Lunar orbiter |
| Surveyor 5 | 8 September 1967 | Lunar lander |
| Surveyor 6 | 7 November 1967 | Lunar lander, first lift-off from an ex⦠|
| Apollo 4 | 9 November 1967 | Lunar programme test flight in Earth or⦠|
| Pioneer 8 | 13 December 1967 | "Space weather" observations |
| Surveyor 7 | 7 January 1968 | Lunar lander |
| Apollo 5 | 22 January 1968 | Lunar programme test flight in Earth or⦠|
| Zond 4 | 2 March 1968 | Lunar programme test flight out of Eart⦠|
| Luna 14 | 7 April 1968 | Lunar orbiter |
| Zond 5 | 14 September 1968 | First lunar flyby and return to Earth,β¦ |
| Apollo 7 | 11 October 1968 | Lunar programme test flight in Earth or⦠|
| Pioneer 9 | 8 November 1968 | "Space weather" observations |
| Zond 6 | 10 November 1968 | Lunar flyby and return to Earth |
| Apollo 8 | 21 December 1968 | First crewed spacecraft to leave Earth⦠|
| Venera 5 | 5 January 1969 | Venus atmospheric probe |
| Venera 6 | 10 January 1969 | Venus atmospheric probe |
| Mariner 6 | 25 February 1969 | Mars flyby |
| Apollo 9 | 3 March 1969 | Crewed lunar lander (LEM) flight test i⦠|
| Mariner 7 | 27 March 1969 | Mars flyby |
| Apollo 10 | 18 May 1969 | Crewed lunar orbiter |
| Luna 15 | 13 July 1969 | Second attempted lunar sample return |
| Apollo 11 | 16 July 1969 | First crewed lunar landing and first su⦠|
| Zond 7 | 7 August 1969 | Lunar flyby and return to Earth |
| Apollo 12 | 14 November 1969 | Crewed lunar landing |
1970s
| Mission name | Launch date | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Apollo 13 | 11 April 1970 | Crewed lunar flyby and return to Earth⦠|
| Venera 7 | 17 August 1970 | First Venus lander and the first spacec⦠|
| Luna 16 | 12 September 1970 | First robotic lunar sample return |
| Zond 8 | 20 October 1970 | Lunar flyby and return to Earth |
| Luna 17/Lunokhod 1 | 10 November 1970 | First remote controlled rover |
| Apollo 14 | 31 January 1971 | Crewed lunar landing |
| Salyut 1 | 19 April 1971 | First space station |
| Mars 2 | 19 May 1971 | First Mars impact , Mars orbiter and at⦠|
| Mars 3 | 28 May 1971 | Mars orbiter (arrived after Mariner 9 )β¦ |
| Mariner 9 | 30 May 1971 | First to orbit another planet (Mars) |
| Apollo 15 | 26 July 1971 | Crewed lunar landing; First crewed luna⦠|
| Luna 18 | 2 September 1971 | Attempted lunar sample return (crashed⦠|
| Luna 19 | 28 September 1971 | Lunar orbiter |
| Luna 20 | 14 February 1972 | Lunar robotic sample return |
| Pioneer 10 | 3 March 1972 | First Jupiter flyby |
| Venera 8 | 27 March 1972 | Venus lander |
| Apollo 16 | 16 April 1972 | Crewed lunar landing |
| Apollo 17 | 7 December 1972 | Last crewed lunar landing |
| Luna 21/Lunokhod 2 | 8 January 1973 | Lunar rover |
| Pioneer 11 | 5 April 1973 | Jupiter flyby and First Saturn flyby |
| Explorer 49 (RAE-B) | 10 June 1973 | Lunar orbiter/ radio astronomy |
| Mars 4 | 21 July 1973 | Mars flyby (attempted Mars orbiter) |
| Mars 5 | 25 July 1973 | Mars orbiter |
| Mars 6 | 5 August 1973 | Mars flyby and attempted lander (failed⦠|
| Mars 7 | 9 August 1973 | Mars flyby and attempted lander (missed⦠|
| Mariner 10 | 3 November 1973 | Lunar and Venus flybys in addition to t⦠|
| Luna 22 | 29 May 1974 | Lunar orbiter |
| Luna 23 | 28 October 1974 | Attempted lunar sample return (failed d⦠|
| Helios-A | 10 December 1974 | Solar observations |
| Venera 9 | 8 June 1975 | First Venus orbiter and lander; First s⦠|
| Venera 10 | 14 June 1975 | Venus orbiter and lander |
| Viking 1 | 20 August 1975 | Mars orbiter and lander; First clear pi⦠|
| Viking 2 | 9 September 1975 | Mars orbiter and lander |
| Helios-B | 15 January 1976 | Solar observations |
| Luna 24 | 9 August 1976 | Lunar robotic sample return |
| Voyager 2 | 20 August 1977 | Jupiter/Saturn/ first Uranus / first Ne⦠|
| Voyager 1 | 5 September 1977 | Jupiter/Saturn flyby, first to exit the⦠|
| Pioneer Venus 1 | 20 May 1978 | Venus orbiter |
| Pioneer Venus 2 | 8 August 1978 | Venus atmospheric probes |
| ISEE-3 | 12 August 1978 | Solar wind investigations; later redesi⦠|
| Venera 11 | 9 September 1978 | Venus flyby and lander |
| Venera 12 | 14 September 1978 | Venus flyby and lander |
1980s
| Mission name | Launch date | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Venera 13 | 30 October 1981 | Venus flyby and lander. First recording⦠|
| Venera 14 | 4 November 1981 | Venus flyby and lander |
| Venera 15 | 2 June 1983 | Venus orbiter |
| Venera 16 | 7 June 1983 | Venus orbiter |
| Vega 1 | 15 December 1984 | Venus flyby, lander and first extraterr⦠|
| Vega 2 | 21 December 1984 | Venus flyby, lander and balloon; contin⦠|
| Sakigake | 8 January 1985 | Comet Halley flyby |
| Giotto | 2 July 1985 | First close observation of comet (dista⦠|
| Suisei (Planet-A) | 18 August 1985 | Comet Halley flyby |
| Mir | 19 February 1986 | First modular space station (operationa⦠|
| Phobos 1 | 7 July 1988 | Attempted Mars orbiter/Phobos landers (β¦ |
| Phobos 2 | 12 July 1988 | Mars orbiter/attempted Phobos landers (β¦ |
| Magellan | 4 May 1989 | Venus orbiter |
| Galileo | 18 October 1989 | Venus flyby, first Asteroid flyby ( Gas⦠|
1990s
| Mission name | Launch date |
|---|---|
| Hiten (MUSES-A) | 24 January 1990 |
| Hubble Space Telescope | 24 April 1990 |
| Ulysses | 6 October 1990 |
| Yohkoh (Solar-A) | 30 August 1991 |
| Mars Observer | 25 September 1992 |
| Clementine | 25 January 1994 |
| WIND | 1 November 1994 |
| SOHO | 2 December 1995 |
| NEAR Shoemaker | 17 February 1996 |
| Mars Global Surveyor | 7 November 1996 |
| Mars 96 | 16 November 1996 |
| Mars Pathfinder | 4 December 1996 |
| ACE | 25 August 1997 |
| CassiniβHuygens | 15 October 1997 |
| Lunar Prospector | 7 January 1998 |
| Nozomi (Planet-B) | 3 July 1998 |
| Deep Space 1 (DS1) | 24 October 1998 |
| ISS | 20 November 1998 |
| Mars Climate Orbiter | 11 December 1998 |
| Mars Polar Lander / Deep Space 2 (DS2) | 3 January 1999 |
| Stardust | 7 February 1999 |
| Mission name | Description |
|---|---|
| Hiten (MUSES-A) | Lunar flyby and orbiter |
| Hubble Space Telescope | Orbital space telescope (operational si⦠|
| Ulysses | Solar polar orbiter |
| Yohkoh (Solar-A) | Solar observations (1991β2001) |
| Mars Observer | Attempted Mars orbiter (contact lost) |
| Clementine | Lunar orbiter/attempted asteroid flyby⦠|
| WIND | Solar wind observations |
| SOHO | Solar observatory (operational since 19β¦ |
| NEAR Shoemaker | Eros orbiter, first near-Earth asteroid⦠|
| Mars Global Surveyor | Mars orbiter |
| Mars 96 | Attempted Mars orbiter/landers (failed⦠|
| Mars Pathfinder | Mars lander and first successful planet⦠|
| ACE | Solar wind and "space weather" observat⦠|
| CassiniβHuygens | First Saturn orbiter and first outer plβ¦ |
| Lunar Prospector | Lunar orbiter |
| Nozomi (Planet-B) | Attempted Mars orbiter (failed to enter⦠|
| Deep Space 1 (DS1) | Asteroid and comet flyby |
| ISS | International space station |
| Mars Climate Orbiter | Attempted Mars orbiter (orbit insertion⦠|
| Mars Polar Lander / Deep Space 2 (DS2) | Attempted Mars lander/penetrators (cont⦠|
| Stardust | First comet coma sample return (returne⦠|
2000s
| Mission name | Launch date |
|---|---|
| 2001 Mars Odyssey | 7 April 2001 |
| Genesis | 8 August 2001 |
| CONTOUR | 3 July 2002 |
| Hayabusa (MUSES-C) | 9 May 2003 |
| Mars Express / Beagle 2 | 2 June 2003 |
| Mars Exploration Rover Spirit | 10 June 2003 |
| Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity | 8 July 2003 |
| SMART-1 | 27 September 2003 |
| Rosetta / Philae | 2 March 2004 |
| MESSENGER | 3 August 2004 |
| Deep Impact | 12 January 2005 |
| Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter | 12 August 2005 |
| Venus Express | 9 November 2005 |
| New Horizons | 19 January 2006 |
| Hinode (Solar-B) | 22 September 2006 |
| STEREO | 26 October 2006 |
| Phoenix | 4 August 2007 |
| SELENE (Kaguya) | 14 September 2007 |
| Dawn | 27 September 2007 |
| Chang'e 1 | 24 October 2007 |
| Chandrayaan-1 | 22 October 2008 |
| Herschel Space Observatory | 14 May 2009 |
| Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter / LCROSS | 18 June 2009 |
| WISE ( NEOWISE ) | 14 December 2009 |
| Mission name | Description |
|---|---|
| 2001 Mars Odyssey | Mars orbiter |
| Genesis | First solar wind sample return |
| CONTOUR | Attempted flyby of comet nuclei ( Encke⦠|
| Hayabusa (MUSES-C) | Asteroid lander and first sample return⦠|
| Mars Express / Beagle 2 | Mars orbiter/attempted lander (lander f⦠|
| Mars Exploration Rover Spirit | Mars rover |
| Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity | Mars rover |
| SMART-1 | Lunar orbiter |
| Rosetta / Philae | Asteroid Šteins and Lutetia flybys; fir⦠|
| MESSENGER | First Mercury orbiter (Achieved orbit 1β¦ |
| Deep Impact | Comet flyby and impact |
| Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter | Mars orbiter |
| Venus Express | Venus polar orbiter |
| New Horizons | First Pluto /Charon flyby (on 14 July 2β¦ |
| Hinode (Solar-B) | Solar orbiter |
| STEREO | Two spacecraft, solar orbiters |
| Phoenix | Mars polar lander (Mars landing on 25 M⦠|
| SELENE (Kaguya) | Lunar orbiters |
| Dawn | Asteroid Ceres and Vesta orbiter (Enter⦠|
| Chang'e 1 | Lunar orbiter |
| Chandrayaan-1 | Lunar orbiter and impactor; discovered⦠|
| Herschel Space Observatory | Infrared space telescope at SunβEarth Lβ¦ |
| Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter / LCROSS | Lunar polar orbiter and lunar impactor |
| WISE ( NEOWISE ) | Infrared survey of celestial sky (WISE⦠|
2010s
| Mission name | Launch date |
|---|---|
| Solar Dynamics Observatory | 11 February 2010 |
| Akatsuki (Planet-C) | 20 May 2010 |
| PICARD | 15 June 2010 |
| Chang'e 2 | 1 October 2010 |
| Juno | 5 August 2011 |
| GRAIL | 10 September 2011 |
| Fobos-Grunt and Yinghuo-1 | 8 November 2011 |
| Mars Science Laboratory ( Curiosity rov⦠| 26 November 2011 |
| Van Allen Probes (RBSP) | 30 August 2012 |
| IRIS | 28 June 2013 |
| LADEE | 7 September 2013 |
| Hisaki | 14 September 2013 |
| Mars Orbiter Mission (Mangalyaan) | 5 November 2013 |
| MAVEN | 18 November 2013 |
| Chang'e 3 | 1 December 2013 |
| Chang'e 5-T1 | 23 October 2014 |
| Hayabusa2 / MASCOT | 3 December 2014 |
| PROCYON | 3 December 2014 |
| DSCOVR | 11 February 2015 |
| ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter and EDM lander | 14 March 2016 |
| OSIRIS-REx | 8 September 2016 |
| InSight | 5 May 2018 |
| Queqiao | 20 May 2018 |
| Parker Solar Probe | 12 August 2018 |
| BepiColombo | 19 October 2018 |
| Chang'e 4 | 7 December 2018 |
| Beresheet | 22 February 2019 |
| Chandrayaan-2 | 22 July 2019 |
| Mission name | Description |
|---|---|
| Solar Dynamics Observatory | Continuous solar monitoring |
| Akatsuki (Planet-C) | Venus orbiter (orbit insertion failed i⦠|
| PICARD | Solar monitoring |
| Chang'e 2 | Lunar orbiter, asteroid 4179 Toutatis f⦠|
| Juno | Jupiter orbiter |
| GRAIL | Two spacecraft, Lunar orbiters |
| Fobos-Grunt and Yinghuo-1 | Attempted Phobos sample return and Mars⦠|
| Mars Science Laboratory ( Curiosity rov⦠| Mars rover (landed 6 August 2012) |
| Van Allen Probes (RBSP) | Earth Van Allen radiation belts study |
| IRIS | Solar observations |
| LADEE | Lunar orbiter |
| Hisaki | Planetary atmosphere observatory |
| Mars Orbiter Mission (Mangalyaan) | Mars orbiter |
| MAVEN | Mars orbiter |
| Chang'e 3 | Lunar lander and rover (first lander si⦠|
| Chang'e 5-T1 | Circumlunar mission and Earth reentry;β¦ |
| Hayabusa2 / MASCOT | Asteroid lander and sample return (samp⦠|
| PROCYON | Comet observer and attempted asteroid f⦠|
| DSCOVR | Solar observation |
| ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter and EDM lander | Mars orbiter and attempted lander (land⦠|
| OSIRIS-REx | Asteroid sample return mission ( sample⦠|
| InSight | Mars lander |
| Queqiao | Relay satellite for Chang'e 4 in Halo o⦠|
| Parker Solar Probe | Solar corona probe, closest solar appro⦠|
| BepiColombo | Two Mercury orbiters (orbit insertion p⦠|
| Chang'e 4 | Lunar lander and rover, first landing o⦠|
| Beresheet | Attempted lunar lander (crashed into Mo⦠|
| Chandrayaan-2 | Lunar orbiter; attempted lander and rov⦠|
2020s
| Mission name | Launch date |
|---|---|
| Solar Orbiter | 10 February 2020 |
| Mars Hope | 19 July 2020 |
| Tianwen-1 ( Zhurong rover) | 23 July 2020 |
| Mars 2020 ( Perseverance rover and Inge⦠| 30 July 2020 |
| Chang'e 5 | 23 November 2020 |
| Lucy | 16 October 2021 |
| DART / LICIACube | 24 November 2021 |
| James Webb Space Telescope | 25 December 2021 |
| CAPSTONE | 28 June 2022 |
| Danuri ( KPLO ) | 5 August 2022 |
| Artemis 1 and 10 cubesats | 16 November 2022 |
| Hakuto-R Mission 1 ( Rashid rover) and⦠| 11 December 2022 |
| JUICE | 14 April 2023 |
| Chandrayaan-3 | 14 July 2023 |
| Luna 25 | 10 August 2023 |
| Aditya-L1 | 2 September 2023 |
| SLIM ( LEV-1 , LEV-2 ) | 6 September 2023 |
| Psyche | 13 October 2023 |
| Peregrine Mission One (including Iris a⦠| 8 January 2024 |
| IM-1 Nova-C Odysseus (including EagleCa⦠| 15 February 2024 |
| DRO A/B | 13 March 2024 |
| Queqiao-2 (including Tiandu-1 and 2 ) | 20 March 2024 |
| Chang'e 6 (including Pakistan 's ICUBE-β¦ | 3 May 2024 |
| Hera (3 orbiters) | 7 October 2024 |
| Europa Clipper | 14 October 2024 |
| Blue Ghost M1 | 15 January 2025 |
| H (including Tenacious rover) | 15 January 2025 |
| Intuitive Machines Nova-C IM-2 (includi⦠| 27 February 2025 |
| Lunar Trailblazer | 27 February 2025 |
| Brokkr-2 | 27 February 2025 |
| Chimera-1 | 27 February 2025 |
| Tianwen-2 (orbiters and landers) | 29 May 2025 |
| Mission name | Description |
|---|---|
| Solar Orbiter | Sun-observing satellite |
| Mars Hope | Mars orbiter |
| Tianwen-1 ( Zhurong rover) | Mars orbiter, lander, and rover |
| Mars 2020 ( Perseverance rover and Inge⦠| Mars rover and helicopter drone; first⦠|
| Chang'e 5 | Lunar sample return |
| Lucy | Flyby of six Jupiter trojans and two ma⦠|
| DART / LICIACube | Asteroid 65803 Didymos flyby, asteroid⦠|
| James Webb Space Telescope | Infrared space telescope at SunβEarth Lβ¦ |
| CAPSTONE | Lunar orbiter |
| Danuri ( KPLO ) | Lunar orbiter |
| Artemis 1 and 10 cubesats | Uncrewed lunar orbital test of Orion sp⦠|
| Hakuto-R Mission 1 ( Rashid rover) and⦠| Lunar lander technology demonstration,⦠|
| JUICE | Jupiter/ Ganymede orbiter |
| Chandrayaan-3 | Lunar orbiter, lander and rover; first⦠|
| Luna 25 | Attempted lunar south pole lander (cras⦠|
| Aditya-L1 | Sun-observing spacecraft at SunβEarth Lβ¦ |
| SLIM ( LEV-1 , LEV-2 ) | Lunar flyby, lander and rovers |
| Psyche | Asteroid 16 Psyche orbiter |
| Peregrine Mission One (including Iris a⦠| Lunar lander and rovers (landing preclu⦠|
| IM-1 Nova-C Odysseus (including EagleCa⦠| Lunar landers |
| DRO A/B | Lunar orbiters |
| Queqiao-2 (including Tiandu-1 and 2 ) | Lunar orbiters |
| Chang'e 6 (including Pakistan 's ICUBE-⦠| Lunar sample return, rover and orbiters⦠|
| Hera (3 orbiters) | Asteroid 65803 Didymos rendezvous |
| Europa Clipper | Jupiter orbiter, Europa multiple flyby |
| Blue Ghost M1 | Lunar lander |
| H (including Tenacious rover) | Lunar lander and rover |
| Intuitive Machines Nova-C IM-2 (includi⦠| Lunar lander and rovers |
| Lunar Trailblazer | Lunar orbiter |
| Brokkr-2 | Asteroid flyby |
| Chimera-1 | Lunar flyby |
| Tianwen-2 (orbiters and landers) | Asteroid study and sample return |
Planned or scheduled
See also
References
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External links
β’ NASA Lunar and Planetary Science
β’ NASA Solar System Strategic Exploration Plans
β’ Soviet Lunar, Martian, Venusian and Terrestrial Space Image Catalog
β’ Comprehensive and interactive graphical history overview by Armchair Astronautics